effect of exercise on urinary gamma-glutamyltransferase and protein levels in elite female karate athletes

Post exercise proteinuria and increased urinary Gamma-Glutamyl transferase [GGT] levels can be indicative of exercise-induced renal damage. The aim of this investigation is to study the effect of one session of intensive training on renal damage markers and compare their values to those 6 hours after training. In this cross-sectional study with pre- and post-test design, 10 elite volunteer female athletes were selected and participated in one training session [2 hours]. Urine samples were collected before training, one hour after training, and 6 hours after training. Urinary protein [Pr], creatinine [Cr], and GGT values were measured through laboratory methods and then Pr/Cr and GGT/Cr ratios were computed. There were significant differences between values of protein, GGT and Creatinine in the three sampling phases [P<0.05]. However, no significant differences were observed between values for GGT/Cr and Pr/Cr ratio. There were significant differences between the mean values of Creatinine, protein and GGT within pre-exercise and 1 hour post-exercise and within 1 hour post-exercise and 6 hours post-exercise [P<0.05]. It seems that a session of karate training does not result in renal damage and athletes can continue training after 6 hours

Effects of intradialytic aerobic training on sleep quality in hemodialysis patients

Sleep disorders are common in hemodialysis patients. They can affect their quality of life. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of aerobic training on sleep quality, inflammatory status, and serum leptin levels in hemodialysis patients. Twenty-eight men in the age range of 28 to 74 years who were on maintenance hemodialysis and had sleep problems were enrolled in this study. They were randomly assigned into control and training groups [14 patients in each group]. Patients in the training group performed a 10- to 30-minute stationary cycling, 3 times a week, during the 1st two hours of every dialysis session, for 8 weeks. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Baecke questionnaire on physical activity were filled out for all participants. To assess serum leptin and C-reactive protein levels, blood samples were drawn before the beginning and at the end of the eighth week. At the end of the study, serum leptin and C-reactive protein levels were significantly reduced [P < .001 and P < .001, respectively]. Furthermore, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores of the training group declined significantly after 8 weeks [P < .001]. There was a positive correlation between sleep quality and serum levels of leptin and C-reactive protein [P = .03 and P = .04, respectively]. Aerobic exercise with moderate intensity during the first two hours of a dialysis session could improve sleep quality and inflammatory status of hemodialysis patients, which predicts morbidity, mortality, and quality of life. However, additional research is needed to confirm these effects